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Clay Minerals; September 2008; v. 43; no. 3; p. 415-435; DOI: 10.1180/claymin.2008.043.3.07
© 2008 Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland
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Characterization for industrial applications of clays from Lembo deposit, Mount Bana (Cameroon)

P. PIALY1,2, C. NKOUMBOU2,4,*, F. VILLIÉRAS4, A. RAZAFITIANAMAHARAVO4, O. BARRES4, M. PELLETIER4, G. OLLIVIER4, I. BIHANNIC4, D. NJOPWOUO1, J. YVON4 and J-.P. BONNET3

1 Laboratoire de Physico-chimie des Matériaux Minéraux, Département de Chimie Inorganique, Faculté des Sciences, B.P. 812 Yaoundé, Cameroon, 2 Equipe de Géologie Economique et Environnementale, Département des Sciences de la Terre, Faculté des Sciences, B.P. 812 Yaoundé, Cameroon, 3 Groupe d’Etude des Matériaux Hétérogènes, ENSCI, 47 à 73, avenue Albert Thomas, 87065 Limoges Cedex, France, and 4 Laboratoire Environnement et Minéralurgie, Nancy-Université, CNRS, 15 Avenue du Charmois, BP 40 F- 54501 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France

* E-mail: charles.nkoumbou{at}ensg.inpl-nancy.fr

(Received 24 April 2007; revised 19 March 2008)

The Lembo clay deposit occurs on orthogneiss, but it also comprises clays with lithorelicts of volcanic rocks. In this study, ten samples from two sites were investigated. The mineralogical compositions consisted of kaolinite + halloysite + illite + quartz + hematite + anatase 3 rutile 3 orthoclase 3 sanidine 3 magnetite 3 maghemite 3 goethite 3 Ba-Al-Fe-phosphates 3 carbonates 3 sulphates. Kaolinite-halloysite and quartz are the prevailing minerals. Some volcanic-derived clays contain Fe-rich kaolinite-halloysite (9.6–14.1 wt.% Fe2O3). The chemical compositions, colours and specific surface area (SSA) measurements reveal two groups of clays: one with a positive whiteness index (IB), small SSA and small Fe content, and the other showing a large SSA, negative IB and relatively large Fe contents. The compositions of the first group are close to those of clays from the Mayouom deposit (Cameroon), and from some European commercial kaolins used in ceramics. Relatively Fe-rich clay materials may conform to most formulations of earthen bricks. As a whole, the Lembo clay deposit comprises various compositions of kaolinitic clays, which may yield the opportunity for extensive application in ceramics.

KEYWORDS: clay materials, characterization, industrial applications, Cameroon






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