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Clay Minerals; September 2002; v. 37; no. 3; p. 413-428; DOI: 10.1180/0009855023730053
© 2002 Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland
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Research Paper

Clay mineralogy and geochemistry of early Jurassic sedimentary rocks from the Moezian Platform, northern Bulgaria

E. HRISCHEVA1,* and S. GIER2

1 Geological Institute, Acad. G. Bonchev str. 24, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria, and 2 Institute of Petrology, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria

* E-mail: echris{at}geology.bas.bg

(Received 19 June 2001; revised 29 April 2002)

Clay minerals in early Jurassic sequences of shales, siltstones and sandstones deposited in non-marine, transitional and shallow marine environments have been examined by X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy and chemical analysis to study the relationship between clay minerals, their environment of deposition and subsequent diagenetic modifications.

The inherited clay mineral composition of the fine-grained sediments reflects the influence of climate, relief, source rocks and depositional processes. Inhomogeneous clay mineral assemblages, comprising abundant kaolinite and varying proportions of illite, I-S, chlorite and vermiculite, characterize fine-grained sediments from the non-marine and transitional environments. In shallow marine depositional environments clay mineral assemblages are more uniform, dominated by illite+I-S with minor kaolinite and chlorite.

The principal diagenetic process affecting fine-grained sedimentary rocks is the smectite–illite transformation. In sandstones, the authigenic formation of kaolinite, chlorite and illite appears to have been primarily determined by the environment of deposition.

KEYWORDS: clay minerals, depositional environment, diagenesis, sedimentary rocks






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