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Clay Minerals; March 2002; v. 37; no. 1; p. 143-155; DOI: 10.1180/0009855023710024
© 2002 Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland
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Clays and zeolite authigenesis in sediments from the flank of the Juan de Fuca Ridge

M. D. BUATIER1,*, A. M. KARPOFF2 and D. CHARPENTIER3

1 Département Géosciences, EA2642, UFR Sciences et Technique, Université de Franche Comté, 16 Route de Gray, 25065 Besançon, 2 EOST-CNRS UMR 7517, Centre de Géochimie de la Surface, 1 rue Blessig, 67084 Strasbourg, and 3 G2R UMR 7566, Université H. Poincaré, BP 239, 54506 Vandoeuvre lès Nancy, France

* E-mail: martine.buatier{at}univ-fcomte.fr

(Received 25 January 2001; revised 16 July 2001)

This study focuses on the mineralogical and chemical analysis of sediments overlying basaltic basement through which seawater circulates (ODP Leg 168, flank of the Juan de Fuca Ridge). A SEM and TEM-EDX study of the authigenic clays and zeolites allowed the characterization of the hydrothermal phases and the determination of their mechanism of formation. Silicate authigenesis related to hydrothermal alteration of sediment was observed in the sediment layer just above basement at sites located >30 km from the ridge axis. This sediment alteration is particularly intense at Site 1031 where authigenic formation of Fe-Mg-rich smectites (montmorillonite and saponite) and zeolites occur, linked to the dissolution of biogenic calcite. Vertical advection of basement fluid through the sediment column is required to produce this alteration. This process is still active at Site 1031, based on systematic variations in porewater profiles and temperatures obtained from stable isotopic data on calcium carbonates, and the nature of authigenic minerals.

KEYWORDS: hydrothermalism, alteration, clays, montmorillonite, saponite, zeolite, AEM, TEM, ridge flank, Juan de Fuca




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