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Clay Minerals; March 2000; v. 35; no. 1; p. 119-133
© 2000 Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland
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Research Paper

Regional distribution of diagenetic carbonate cement in Palaeocene deepwater sandstones: North Sea

R. N. T. STEWART1, R. S. HASZELDINE1,*, A. E. FALLICK2, M. WILKINSON1 and C. I. MACAULAY1

1 Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Edinburgh, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JW, and 2 Isotope Geosciences Unit, Scottish Universities Research and Reactor Centre, East Kilbride, Glasgow G75 0QF, UK

* E-mail: s.haszeldine{at}glg.ed.ac.uk

(Received 9 June 1998; revised 15 March 1999)

Sandstones of the Palaeocene Montrose Group were deposited in a deepwater fan environment, and form a major oil reservoir in the North Sea. Calcite concretions occur commonly within thick-bedded and structureless sandstones. These concretions have been identified by sonic logs and well reports, and were cross-checked with available core data. Regionally, 101 wells have been examined and carbonate concretions form 0.6–7.2% of the core. Concretions are most abundant along the flank of the Fladen Ground Spur, the north Witch Ground Graben (WGG), the east south Viking Graben and East Central Graben (ECG). Concretions of the ECG formed at deep burial, with C from decarboxylation. Geochemical inheritance of Mn and Sr from Cretaceous chalk clasts may occur. Concretion growth may also have been influenced by vertical expulsion of fluids (leak-off) localized above salt tectonics. Isotopic and petrographic evidence indicates that much carbonate C in the WGG was derived from biodegradation of migrating oil in meteoric water at shallow depth. The locations of abundant carbonate with characteristic negative C isotope signatures can be used as shallow exploration guides to leak-off points located above deep overpressured structures.

KEYWORDS: hydrocarbon, structure, overpressure, bacteria, degradation




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